Ludhiāna logs 8 outdoor-dinner months a year to Mumbai's 5 — Ludhiāna wins by 3. Ludhiāna also leads on sunny days by 37.

Mumbai averages $1,135/mo for balanced living; Ludhiāna has no cost baseline yet.

Mumbai scores 2.2 on mobility (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no mobility baseline.

Mumbai's culture score of 3.9 sits well above Ludhiāna's 0.0.

Mumbai scores 4.0 on nature & outdoors (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no nature & outdoors baseline.

Mumbai scores 1.1 on safety (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no safety baseline.

Mumbai scores 4.1 on career (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no career baseline.

Mumbai scores 3.6 on social & community (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no social & community baseline.

Mumbai scores 3.8 on food & dining (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no food & dining baseline.

Mumbai scores 3.1 on family (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no family baseline.

Mumbai scores 3.4 on healthcare (0–5 scale); Ludhiāna has no healthcare baseline.

Ludhiāna averages 75.4 µg/m³ (very unhealthy) PM2.5 annually versus Mumbai's 47.3 µg/m³ (very unhealthy) — Mumbai breathes ~37% cleaner air (28.1 µg/m³ lower).

Who Thrives Here