Nara-shi logs 15 frost days a year to Osaka's 6 — Osaka wins by 9. Osaka also leads on sunny days by 7.

Osaka averages $1,671/mo for balanced living; Nara-shi has no cost baseline yet.

Osaka scores 3.8 on mobility (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no mobility baseline.

Osaka's culture score of 4.0 sits well above Nara-shi's 0.0.

Osaka scores 3.8 on nature & outdoors (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no nature & outdoors baseline.

Osaka scores 5.0 on safety (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no safety baseline.

Osaka scores 4.1 on career (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no career baseline.

Osaka scores 2.6 on social & community (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no social & community baseline.

Osaka scores 3.2 on food & dining (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no food & dining baseline.

Osaka scores 3.5 on family (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no family baseline.

Osaka scores 3.4 on healthcare (0–5 scale); Nara-shi has no healthcare baseline.

Nara-shi averages 11.8 µg/m³ (moderate) PM2.5 annually versus Osaka's 13.9 µg/m³ (moderate) — Nara-shi breathes ~15% cleaner air (2.0 µg/m³ lower).

Who Thrives Here