Methodology

Feels-like temperature (UTCI)

How temperature actually feels to the human body — not just what the thermometer says.

UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index) is the gold standard for measuring perceived temperature. Unlike raw air temperature, UTCI accounts for humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and radiant heat — everything that affects whether you're comfortable outdoors.

Why it matters

Raw temperature is misleading for comparing cities. A 30°C day in dry Lisbon feels very different from 30°C in humid Bangkok. UTCI captures that difference. It's the metric that answers "will I actually be comfortable outside?"

How we use it

We compute UTCI from ERA5 hourly reanalysis data (2015–2024) for 29,000+ cities. On the explore map, "Winter Feels-Like Temperature" shows the 25th percentile UTCI in the coldest month — how cold a cold day actually feels. "Summer Feels-Like Temperature" shows the 90th percentile in the hottest month — how hot a peak day gets.

What it doesn't capture

  • UTCI measures outdoor thermal comfort. It doesn't account for air conditioning, indoor heating, or building quality.
  • It's computed from satellite reanalysis, not local weather stations. Microclimates within a city (shaded streets vs open plazas) aren't captured.

See it in action

Every city page shows UTCI in the Climate Lab — month by month, with how it affects daily comfort. The explore map lets you filter cities by winter and summer feels-like temperature.